![]() Because of this length, the axon contains microtubules and is surrounded by myelin. In contrast to the shorter dendrites, the axon can extend for more than a meter. ![]() Dendrites function to receive information, and do so through numerous receptors located in their membranes that bind to chemicals, called neurotransmitters.Īxon: An axon is a large process that extends from the cell body at a point of origin-called the axon hillock-and functions to send information. Neurons have four specialized structures that allow for the sending and receiving of information: the cell body (soma), dendrites, axon and axon terminals (see lowest figure).Ĭell body or soma: The cell body is the portion of the cell that surrounds the nucleus and plays a major role in synthesizing proteins.ĭendrites: Dendrites are short, branched processes that extend from the cell body. ![]()
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